BA Assessment Centre

Welcome. Today's assessment runs in three phases. Please open each tab only when your facilitator directs you to it. All materials are confidential to this session.

Phase 1 — Group Work (Main Room)

Work with the full cohort on the HealthBridge NHS Trust case study. You will complete a series of analysis tasks as a group. Your facilitator will manage timing.

CollaborativeMain Room

Phase 2 — Small Group Work (Breakout Rooms)

You will move into smaller groups to work on a separate but related analysis task. Open the Breakout Task tab only when your facilitator directs you.

Small GroupBreakout

Phase 3 — Individual Interview

Return to the main room for a short individual interview. Questions may draw on the case study and your broader professional experience. There is nothing to prepare separately.

Individual

A note on approach

There are no perfect answers today. We are interested in how you think, how you communicate, and how you handle ambiguity. Engage genuinely with the scenarios.

Case Study

HealthBridge NHS Trust — Patient Pathway Optimisation Programme (PPOP)

HealthBridge NHS Trust is a mid-sized NHS Foundation Trust serving a mixed urban and semi-rural population of approximately 480,000 people. It operates two acute hospitals, four community health hubs, and a recently acquired mental health partnership organisation, Meadowfield MHPS.

The Trust has received a mandate from the Integrated Care Board (ICB) to reduce outpatient waiting times by 18% within 12 months and to improve patient pathway visibility across all referral types. The Chief Operating Officer has commissioned a digital transformation programme — the Patient Pathway Optimisation Programme (PPOP) — to address this.

A Business Analyst has been assigned to lead requirements gathering and process improvement. You are that BA. It is your first week on the project.

The Current Situation

Referrals from GPs, A&E, and internal departments arrive via three channels: NHS e-Referral Service (e-RS), a legacy fax-based workflow still used by some GP practices, and ad-hoc email from consultants. There is no single point of triage. Each specialty manages its own waiting list using a combination of a 15-year-old Patient Administration System (PAS), Excel spreadsheets maintained by admin staff, and in some cases handwritten registers.

The Meadowfield MHPS merger has added further complexity. Their referral processes are entirely separate and use a different system (RiO) with no current integration to the Trust's PAS.

Key Contextual Information

Organisational Dynamics

Clinical directorate leads are broadly supportive of the programme but protective of their autonomy. The Cardiology department has already implemented its own workaround — a third-party web tool — without ICT approval. Admin teams are reportedly anxious about the programme's implications for their roles. The ICT department is under-resourced and managing three other concurrent programmes.

Programme Leadership

The Programme Director (PD) is a former NHS England national lead — highly experienced and well-connected, but not always available. The Deputy COO is technically the programme sponsor but defers heavily to the PD. There is an unspoken tension between the clinical informatics team and ICT over system ownership.

External Pressures

The ICB is conducting quarterly performance reviews. A national NHS Digital audit is scheduled in seven months. Data quality on the current PAS is poor — approximately 22% of referral records are incomplete or inaccurate.

Meadowfield MHPS

Meadowfield's CEO, Dr Priya Soni, has expressed concern that the programme will marginalise mental health pathways in favour of acute care metrics. She has escalated informally to the ICB chair. Her clinical lead has not responded to three meeting requests from the PPOP team.

Group Tasks

Work through the tasks below in order. Your facilitator will manage timing for each task. Capture your outputs in whatever format works best for your group.

Task A — approx. 15 min

Stakeholder Analysis

Using the case study, identify the key stakeholders for the PPOP programme. For each, consider their role, level of influence, level of interest, and likely disposition toward the programme. Produce a stakeholder map or grid. Pay particular attention to stakeholders who share or have competing interests — who are the co-stakeholders in this programme?

Task B — approx. 10 min

Problem Identification

What are the core business problems this programme needs to solve? Separate the symptoms from the root causes. Prioritise the top three problems you believe a BA should address first and be prepared to justify your reasoning.

Task C — approx. 20–25 min

Requirements Analysis

Navigate to the Requirements tab. A project manager has handed you this set of requirements and said: "These came straight from the business — we need to adopt them as-is."

Review each requirement as a group. Identify what, if anything, is wrong with it. Categorise the type of flaw. Decide what action you would take. Be prepared to present your approach and how you would respond to the PM.

Task D — approx. 15 min

As-Is Process Mapping

Using only the information in the case study, reconstruct the current referral intake process as best you can. Consider: who owns this process? What are the steps? Where are the likely pain points? What assumptions are you making, and how would you validate them?

Requirements

The project manager has shared the following requirements and has asked the team to adopt them without change. Review each one carefully as a group.

User Stories

REQ-US-01The system should allow referrals to be submitted quickly and the admin staff can see them and it needs to work properly and be easy to use.
REQ-US-02Users need to be able to search.
REQ-US-03As a referral, I want to be processed within two days so that patients are not waiting.
REQ-US-04As a user, I want the system to send notifications so that I get them.
REQ-US-05The dashboard must display all the information that is needed.
REQ-US-06As a doctor, I want everything to be integrated so that it works better.

System Stories

REQ-SY-01As a referral coordinator, I want the system to automatically validate referral data on submission so that invalid referrals are flagged before they enter the queue.
REQ-SY-02The system shall do reporting.
REQ-SY-03System must integrate with PAS when the admin clicks the button and it stores the patient data and also the referral and updates the waiting list but only if the patient is new unless they already exist in which case it updates them.
REQ-SY-04As a system, I want to be GDPR compliant.

Non-Functional Requirements

REQ-NF-01The system should be fast.
REQ-NF-02Training will be provided to all staff before go-live.
Breakout Room Task

Open this tab only when your facilitator directs you to the breakout rooms.

The following is a transcript from a BA analysis session conducted as part of the PPOP programme. The BA has brought together two process owners whose workflows are meant to connect:

Read the transcript carefully as a group, then complete the three tasks at the bottom of this page.

Transcript

BA Thanks for making the time, both of you. I wanted to get you in the same room — virtually, anyway — because your two workflows are meant to connect in the new system design. Sandra, can you walk me through what happens when you receive a referral that has a mental health component?
Sandra Sure. So when a referral comes in and there's any mention of mental health — anxiety, depression, whatever — we log it on our side in PAS, same as any other referral. Then we send a copy of the referral letter across to Meadowfield by email. To be honest, we don't always know who to send it to. There's a shared inbox but it's not always monitored.
Marcus Right, yeah, that inbox — we get a lot of stuff in there that isn't meant for us. It's like a dumping ground. Half the time the referrals don't have enough information anyway. We're missing the GP letter, or the patient's consent form hasn't been included. So we end up chasing the GP practice directly, which takes days.
BA And when that happens, Marcus, what do you do with the referral in the meantime? Is it on hold somewhere, or does it just sit in the inbox?
Marcus It just sits there, honestly. We don't have a formal holding queue. We're using RiO but we don't enter it until we've got all the information, because once it's in RiO the RTT clock starts and we don't want to be on the hook for a clock that's ticking while we're still waiting for the GP.
Sandra That's interesting — I didn't realise you weren't entering them straight away. From our side, we've already logged it in PAS. So on paper it looks like the referral has been received and is being actioned, but it's not actually in your system yet. That's a gap, isn't it?
BA That's a significant finding. Can I ask — does anyone on either side know how long referrals typically sit in that inbox before they're picked up?
Marcus Not formally. I'd guess two to four days on average. But sometimes longer. We've had cases where things got missed for two weeks. That was before my time, but still.
Sandra And we wouldn't know on our side. Once we've sent it over, we assume it's been picked up. We've never had a formal handoff confirmation.
BA Marcus, you mentioned consent forms. Is there a standard checklist of what should accompany a mental health referral?
Marcus There should be — we issued guidance about two years ago. But I don't think it's been circulated to the acute trust admin teams. I assumed it had been.
Sandra I've definitely never seen it. And if I have, it wasn't flagged as mandatory. My team will send whatever comes with the referral. We don't know what you need specifically.
BA That's really helpful. One last question for now — is there any scenario where a patient's mental health need means the acute referral and the mental health referral need to be coordinated simultaneously? How does that work at the moment?
Marcus It's meant to. In theory, there's a joint care pathway for complex patients. But in practice, I don't think it's been triggered more than a handful of times. We'd need someone to flag it at the acute end, and that doesn't seem to happen.
Sandra I didn't even know there was a joint pathway. Is that in a policy somewhere?
Marcus It's in our operational guidance. From 2019. I should probably send it to you.
BA I'd really appreciate a copy. And I think we have a good foundation here — there's clearly a lot to map. I'll pull together a process diagram based on today and share it with you both for validation. Thank you, this has been invaluable.

Your Tasks

Task 1 — approx. 10 min

Pain Point Identification

From the transcript, list every pain point you can identify. For each, note: what the pain point is, who is affected, and what the consequence is if it is not addressed.

Task 2 — approx. 8 min

Process Gaps & Dependencies

Where are the gaps between Sandra's process and Marcus's process? What handoffs are missing, undefined, or simply assumed to be happening? What dependencies exist between PAS and RiO?

Task 3 — approx. 5 min

Reflection on BA Practice

What did the BA do well in this session? What questions could they have asked that they didn't? If you were the BA, what would your immediate next steps be after this meeting?